Last name Tsao (Tsao 
, Цао 
, تساو) , throughout the world, is a common cognomen. The family name Tsao is habitual in Cayman Islands, where it is quite a common surname, Taiwan, and Bermuda. In absolute terms, it is commonest in Taiwan, the United States, and China. Much less frequently, Tsao is the forename as well as the last name.
| VARIANT | COUNTRY |
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| Tsao | Hong Kong, Canada, Taiwan, United States, China |
| Цао | Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Russia, Kyrgyzstan |
| Тсао | Kazakhstan, Russia |
| hwei chun tsao (b. 1886) |
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doris tsao American neuroscientist, US (b. 1975) |
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| eugene tsao (b. 1915) |
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| jung ying tsao Chinese art collector and scholar, US (b. 1929) |
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| peter tsao American plant physiologist (b. 1929) |
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| victor tsao Taiwanese-born American entrepreneur, TW (b. 1951) |
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| tsao chieh composer, SG (b. 1953) |
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| janie tsao engineer and businesswoman, TW (b. 1953) |
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| richard tsao visual artist originally from Thailand, TH (b. 1954) |
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| willy tsao Chinese modern dance choreographer (b. 1955) |
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| andrew tsao American filmmaker, US (b. 1959) |
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| ming tsao Chinese-American composer, active in Europe, US (b. 1966) |
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| frederick chavalit tsao (b. 1957) |
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| mei tsao Canadian background artist, CA (b. 1971) |
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| miriam w tsao researcher (ORCID 0000-0003-4139-9962) |
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